This study provides a typology of the stakeholders in France supporting the transition to this new model, reviews the initiatives carried out with ADEME’s support, and identifies the mechanisms and factors that facilitate or hinder the development of the functional economy. Based on documentary research, stakeholder interviews and collective workshops, it also offers numerous avenues for action.

Bringing the functional economy to scale depends on the ability of stakeholders in local communities to maintain relationships and cooperate in the public interest, thereby creating a virtuous cycle that is ready to be strengthened.